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Women in the workforce

There’s been a lot of data points over the past month or so pointing to the economic power of women. Two generations of workplace advancement and educational commitment have put women in the singular position of having more opportunity for independence, advancement and earnings than at any other time in our nation’s history.

A CitiGroup unit, Women & Co., released an edifying study today that examines how these strides in economic status have influenced the way that successful women think about the obligations and opportunities of money.

Not surprisingly, as women gain more control over money, they are talking about it more and more.

Women’s rising financial influence is also breaking down the long-standing taboo of talking about money. As revealed in 2008, money is the #1 topic between mothers and daughters. This year’s results find that 91% of women are talking about finances with family members. These conversations are now extending outside the family, as well. The majority of women, over two-thirds, believe that in the wake of the economic downturn, talking about money is much more socially acceptable.

Financial success and knowledge is a responsibility; 84% of mothers are using the financial crisis to teach their children lessons, and 64% of all women are sharing their financial values with others.

The image is compelling: The most valuable lesson a woman can give her children is the lesson of financial independence. This is lightyears away from the image of a mother preparing her daughter to be the best wife she can be.

I’m struck by a disconnect in our social dialogue, though. If women are comfortable with talking about money and feel like sharing knowledge about money is a responsibility, why is there so little sensible discussion about how to make our nation more fiscally responsible on the national stage?

Could it have anything to do with the fact that Congress and the media is dominated by men? And that for men, Money (with a capital M) is a validation of power and authority, something that is highly self-reflecting? That last observation isn’t a statistical fact, just an impression, but still….

(Disclosure: My wife’s firm, TMG Brand Communications, is the public relations representative for Women & Co.)

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A new data point emerged in the reporting on the job figures today: the employment population ratio. The metric a fairly absolute measuring stick: What percentage of the people in the United States, of any age, are employed at anyone time.

One version of the data is presented below in a chart from Calculated Risk, showing the trend back to 1960 and highlighting periods of recession.

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A couple of comments. Human nature is most attuned to changes in velocity; our state of existence can change significantly over time, but if it happens at a gradual pace, we are less aware of it. When change happens quickly, we are highly aware, but our ability to process the change is limited by a set of primitive responses driven by fear, shock and self-protection. (Think about your different awareness of gaining weight at 1 pound a month, versus gaining 12 pounds in 1 month.)

Recessions create significant awareness of people out of work. Looking at the ratio over time, I’m struck by the fact that we’re back to the same level as in the early 1980′s, when we were just coming out of a prolonged recession. Because of the growth in our population, millions more people work today than then, but the ratio is about the same.

From 1975 to 2000, growth in the ratio was a by-product of a profound cultural change, with broad participation by women in the workforce. (I saw a report recently showing that more women than men get bachelor degrees, giving young women on balance better earning prospects than men of the same age.)

Over the past decade, there’s clearly another cultural shift that’s embedded in the numbers. Various factors contribute to the decline: a slight shift away from two-job households; an increase in the number of older people who are alive and not working; and an increase in the birth rate means there are more young people who can’t work.

The biggest change, however, is among the number of people who are 16-24 years old, with participation by 16-19 year old declining to just 35%. A higher percentage of these teens are in school — nearly 57% compared to about 42% in the late 1980′s, and a higher percentage of the teens attending schools are out of the labor market, as detailed in an analysis by WallStreetPit.com.

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